3-phase question

Ha! I was just about to chime in with details of the voltage regulation on my old 1954 Velocette...a good sized black box sitting above the dynamo containing one or two large coils and mechanical switching contact points to keep ouput to around 6v.
Even my 1988 Rover Classic Mini uses this mechanical tech....The Classic Mini dash panel mechanical voltage regulator (or stabilizer) is a small, often black box behind the gauges that converts the car's ~12-14V to a steady 10V for the fuel, temperature, and oil pressure gauges, preventing erratic readings.
 
Well, as informative and fun as this all is, I made the swap believing (perhaps wrongly) that I would end up with a more stable and reliable charging system. Zeener diodes do work fine.

To date it’s performed without issues and can easily run the LED headlamp and grip heaters at the same time, although it’s not been subjected to a lot of stop and go riding so it’s low rpm output hasn’t really been put to the test.
 
They are widely used in electronics today in the form of 8-lead integrated circuits and are used as switches with four inputs, three outputs, and a control.

A voltage applied to all four inputs will be seen on all three outputs when the control is "on" and generally the inputs are wired together and the outputs are wired together. By rapidly switching the control on and off you can effectively change the output voltage.

The real values are that there is almost no leakage current when off and they switch very fast.

In most electronics, they are used as protection. Most electronics today has many different power rails (5v, 3.3v, 1v, etc.) and a MOSFET (or multiple in parallel) is off, until a control chip turns them on and if a problem is discovered, they are turned off to prevent damage or fire. Once switched on or off, they stay that way until a new contol happens. In fact, you can turn one on or off on the benchtop connected to nothing using the voltage from an ohmmeter!

In a motorcycle rectifier/regulator, they can be used as a part of the rectifier and/or part of the regulator. I don't have the Tri-Spark schematic, but based on the waveform of the output, I think it uses them as a rectifier and regulator combined. They produce slightly more output power than the older types and almost no battery drain when the bike is off - MUCH less than any other system I've tested.
 
MOSFETS are much more like tubes (valves) than bipolar transistors. They have insanely high input impedance at the gate and insanely low on resistance. They are often used in high power audio amplifiers. Oddly enough, many boutique amplifier designers still prefer bipolars (or tubes) even though on paper, they're much lower performance.
 
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