I'd put my money on the piece of slide. It's an odd shaped thing that could lodge itself up against the valve guide for a while before coming loose again and creating havoc. If you have a balance tube exhaust I'd take that off and make sure it isn't lookin to travel into the other cylinder. It might be an idea to take the carb off and inspect it and the intake port, air cleaner, for anything unusual. I wouldn't pop the head off if it's running strong.
I had a similar experience when I was holidaying in the Kootenay Mountains one year in my F250 4x4 with big honkin camper on back. Heading out of downtown is a real steep hill and at the top my low gas tank starved the fuel pump and I stalled. It was so steep the curbs were 18" high to contain the runoff in spring. It wouldn't start with no gas in the pump so I cut it over to the curb which I couldn't see with my hood mounted hiway mirrors and I ended up at a 45' angle against the curb with my front end poking out in the main lane. I jumped out and grabbed my 5 gal jerry tank from the back and dumped some fuel in the tank thinkin if a cop comes by now I'm going to get a ticket for sure. The 5 galons didn't help on this steep hill so I popped the hood to prime the carb just when the cop came along. He stopped came over and said "outa gas huh?" Yep I said, he says " you got some gas there, you're ok huh?" I says yep and off he went. I new I was going to like the town of Kaslo after that, a helpful cop who didn't just want to write me a ticket, wow!
In the chaos I dropped 3 or 4 washers that were under the nut that was securing the air cleaner, down the carb of the big V8 but didn't know it till I discovered my plugs looked like yours and it did explain where those washers got to. I was staying in a remote area out of town with no compressor or tools other than what I had in the truck. The washers bounced around from the intake manifold to the exhaust manifolds until I had cleaned the town of Kaslo out of gasket kits for my engine as I lacked the equipment to really clear the crevices of the manifolds out properly. On the last top end gaskets I scrounged from the auto wrecker from his left overs and on the day I had to leave I fired it up. It sounded good for a few minutes then I heard a miss and my heart sank. I hit the road anyway after regapping the plugs and made it the 400 miles or so home with no other problems. The last bits must have finally blown out the exhaust and sooner than later because the big v8 purred all the way home.